Formic acid physicochemical substance

Formic acid physicochemical substance,
Formic Acid, Umvelisi we-Acid yeFormic, Xabiso Formic Acid, UMboneleli we-Acidi yeFormic,

Inkqubo

SivelisaFormic Acidngeyona iphambili iMethyl Formate

iteknoloji. Okokuqala, i-Methyl Formate iveliswa kwi-CO kunye ne-Methanolwith isenzo se-catalyst. Ngaphantsi kobushushu obuthile kunye noxinzelelo, iMethyl Formate ifakwa ngehydrolyzed ukuya kwiFormic Acid. Ukucoceka okuphantsi kwe-Formic Acidsolution kuya kugxininiswa kwiindawo eziphezulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo-

izinto zabathengi.

I-Rection Equation: HCOOCH3+H2O HCOOH+CH3OH Imveliso

Isicelo

1. Ishishini leLatex: Ukudibanisa, njl.

2. Ishishini lamachiza:Icaffeine, iAnalgin ,

Aminopyrine, Aminophyl-line, Theobromine bomeol, Vitamin B1, Metronidazole, Mebendazole, njl.

3. Ushishino lwezitshabalalisi:Triadimefon,Triazolone,

Tricyclazole, Triazole, Triazophos, Paclobutrazol, Sumagic, Disinfest, Dicofol, njl.

I-4.Ishishini le-Chemical: I-Calcium formate, i-Sodium formate, i-Ammoniumformate, i-Potassium formate, i-Ethyl formate, i-Barium formate, i-DMF, i-Formamide, i-Rubber antioxidant, i-Pentaerythrite, i-Neopenyl glycol, i-ESO, i-2-Ethy! i-hexyl ester ye-oyile yeembotyi zesoya epoxidized, iPivaloyl Chloride,

Ukususa ipeyinti, i-Phenolic resin, ukucocwa kwe-Acid yemveliso yentsimbi, i-Methane amide, njl.

Ishishini le-5.Leather: Ukwesulwa, ukuhluzwa, ukungathathi hlangothi, njl.

6. Ishishini lenkukhu: iSilage, njl.

7. Abanye: Banokwenza ushicilelo kunye nokudaya i-mordant.Coloring

kunye nearhente yokugqiba yeFayibha kunye nephepha, iPlastiki, ukugcinwa kokutya ngokutsha, ukondla okondla, njl.

8. Ukuvelisa i-cO:Impendulo yeChemical: HCOOH=(xinene H, So4catalyze)heat=CO+H，O

9.I-Deoxidizer: Uvavanyo njenge, Bi, Al, Cu, Au, Im,Fe,Pb, Mn, Hg,Mo, Ag,Zn, njl njl. i-solvant yokuvavanya i-molecular WT kunye ne-crystallization.Test methoxyl.

I-10.Fix-er yohlalutyo lwe-microscopic.Ukuvelisa i-formate.chemical cleaningagent, i-Formic acid ayinayo i-CL, ingasetyenziselwa ukucoca izixhobo ze-stainlesssteel.

Ukutsha. Iyakwazi ukuxutywa ngamanzi, i-ethanol, i-ether kunye ne-glycerol, kunye neninzi ye-solvents ye-polar organic, kwaye ine-solubility ethile kwi-hydrocarbons.

Ubuninzi bobuninzi (d204) yi-1.220. Isalathiso sokuqhafaza

1.3714. Ukushisa okuvuthayo ngu-254.4 kJ / mol, ukushisa okubalulekileyo ngu-306.8 ℃, kunye noxinzelelo olunzima ngu-8.63 MPa. Indawo edanyazayo 68.9 ℃ (indebe evulekileyo). Uxinaniso 1.22, ukuxinana komphunga 1.59 (umoya =1), uxinzelelo lomphunga ogcweleyo (24℃) 5.33kPa.

Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-asidi ye-formic luthanda ukuba ngumkhenkce ebusika.

Iikhompawundi ezingavumelekanga: i-oxidant eyomeleleyo, i-alkali enamandla, umgubo wesinyithi osebenzayo.

Iimpawu ezinobungozi: umphunga kunye nomoya zenza umxube oqhumayo, obangela ukutsha kunye nokudubula kwimeko yomlilo ovulekileyo kunye namandla okushisa aphezulu. Isebenza kunye nee-oxidants ezinamandla.

Ukunyibilika: kuxubene namanzi, akunyibiliki kwiihydrocarbons, kuxubene etywaleni.

Kwii-hydrocarbons kunye ne-gaseous states, i-asidi ye-formic ivela njenge-dimers eziboshwe ngeebhondi ze-hydrogen. Kwimeko yegesi, ukudityaniswa kwehydrogen kukhokelela kunxaxhi olukhulu phakathi kwerhasi yefomic acid kunye nerhasi efanelekileyo equation yelizwe. Ulwelo kunye ne-slid formic acid iqulethe iimolekyuli ze-asidi yefomi eqhubekayo edityaniswe ziibhondi ze-hydrogen.

I-asidi ye-formic ibolile ibe yi-CO kunye ne-H2O phantsi kwe-catalysis ye-asidi ye-sulfuric concentrated:

Ngenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekileyo se-asidi ye-formic, enye yee-athom zayo ze-hydrogen ziqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiqela le-carboxyl. Okanye unokuyibona njengehydroxyformaldehyde. Ngaloo ndlela i-asidi ye-formic inezo zombini iimpawu ze-asidi kunye ne-aldehyde.

I-asidi ye-formic ineempawu ezifanayo kunye nezinye i-carboxylic acids ezininzi, nangona phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo i-asidi ye-formic ayifaki i-acyl chloride okanye i-anhydride. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kutshabalalisa i-asidi ye-formic kwi-carbon monoxide kunye namanzi. I-asidi ye-formic ineempawu ezifanayo zokunciphisa kwi-aldehydes. Inokuqalisa ukusabela kwesipili sesilivere, inciphisa i-ion zesilivere kwi-amonia yesilivere ye-ammonia ukuya kwisinyithi sesilivere, kwaye yona ngokwayo ifakwe kwi-carbon dioxide kunye namanzi:

I-asidi ye-Formic kuphela kwe-asidi ye-carboxylic enokongezwa kwi-olefins. I-asidi ye-formic kwisenzo se-acids (njenge-asidi ye-sulfuric, i-hydrofluoric acid), kunye ne-olefins zisabela ngokukhawuleza ukwenza iifomathi. Nangona kunjalo, ukusabela okusecaleni okufana nempendulo ye-Koch kunokwenzeka, kunye nemveliso ibe yi-carboxylic acid ephezulu.

Ixabiso lesibini le-octanol/i-coefficient ye-partition coefficient: -0.54, umda wokudubula okuphezulu % (V/V) : 57.0, umda wokudubula osezantsi % (V/V): 18.0.

I-asidi ye-formic yi-arhente yokunciphisa eyomeleleyo kunye nempendulo yesipili sesilivere ingenzeka. Yeyona acidic kakhulu kwi-fatty acids acids, kwaye i-dissociation constant yi-2.1 × 10-4. Ngokucothayo iqhekeka ibe yicarbon monoxide namanzi akwiqondo lobushushu begumbi. Ifudunyezwa kwi-60 ~ 80℃ kunye ne-asidi yesulfuric egxininisiweyo ukubola kunye nokukhulula i-carbon monoxide. Xa i-asidi ye-formic ishushu ngaphezu kwe-160 ° C, iyabola ukuze ikhuphe i-carbon dioxide kunye ne-hydrogen. Iityuwa zesinyithi ze-alkali ze-formic acid zifudunyezwa kwi-400 ° C ukwenza i-oxalates.

Idatha yesakhiwo semolekyuli

1. Isalathiso se-Molar refractive: 8.40

2. Umthamo we-Molar (m / mol): 39.8

3. Umthamo othile we-Isotropic (90.2K): 97.5

I-4, uxinzelelo lomphezulu (dyne / cm): 35.8

5, i-polarizability (10cm) : 3.33